Introduction
Exercise Ekuverin is a bilateral military exercise conducted between India and the Maldives. The term Ekuverin means “friends” in Dhivehi, the Maldivian language, symbolizing the strong defense ties between the two nations. This joint exercise focuses on counter-insurgency and counter-terrorism operations in semi-urban and urban environments. Given its geopolitical significance, understanding Exercise Ekuverin is crucial for UPSC aspirants preparing for exams that test knowledge of international relations, defense cooperation, and security strategies.
India-Maldives Relations and the Need for Exercise Ekuverin
Historical Background
India and the Maldives share a long history of diplomatic and defense cooperation. Since the Maldives gained independence in 1965, India has played a pivotal role in its security. The most notable instance of this support was during Operation Cactus in 1988, when India successfully thwarted a coup attempt in the Maldives.
Geopolitical Significance
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The Maldives lies along major international sea routes, making its stability crucial for regional security.
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China’s increasing influence in the Indian Ocean Region (IOR) has prompted India to strengthen its defense ties with the Maldives.
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The presence of radical extremist elements in the region necessitates joint counter-terrorism initiatives.
Why Exercise Ekuverin?
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To enhance interoperability between the armed forces of India and the Maldives.
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To develop skills for tackling asymmetric warfare threats.
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To strengthen defense diplomacy and bilateral military ties.
Objectives and Scope of Exercise Ekuverin
Key Objectives
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Counter-Terrorism and Counter-Insurgency Training
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Enhancing skills in combat tactics, surveillance, and reconnaissance.
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Simulating real-time urban warfare scenarios.
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Humanitarian Assistance and Disaster Relief (HADR)
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Strengthening response mechanisms for natural disasters such as tsunamis and cyclones.
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Coordinating rescue and relief operations.
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Strengthening Military Cooperation
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Improving joint operational capabilities.
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Sharing best practices in military strategy and execution.
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Scope of the Exercise
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The exercise includes various combat drills, hostage rescue operations, and counter-IED (Improvised Explosive Device) training.
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It covers urban warfare scenarios, enabling both forces to operate effectively in challenging environments.
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It incorporates real-world scenarios where armed forces must operate together under high-pressure conditions.
Conduct and Key Highlights of Exercise Ekuverin
Training Modules
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Basic Tactical Training – Enhancing the combat preparedness of soldiers.
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Field Training Exercises (FTX) – Conducting joint drills in simulated battlefield conditions.
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Live Firing Exercises – Practicing combat firing techniques.
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Civic Engagement Programs – Conducting medical camps and educational initiatives in local communities.
Recent Editions of Exercise Ekuverin
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2019 (Pune, India) – Focused on joint counter-terrorism operations.
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2021 (Maldives) – Included advanced training in urban warfare techniques.
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2023 (Chaubatia, Uttarakhand) – Featured a strong emphasis on cyber warfare strategies.
Each iteration of Exercise Ekuverin builds upon previous engagements, incorporating lessons learned and evolving defense needs.
Strategic and Diplomatic Implications for India
Strengthening Defense Diplomacy
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Exercise Ekuverin aligns with India’s “Neighbourhood First” policy and bolsters security ties with the Maldives.
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It counters growing Chinese influence in the Indian Ocean, particularly through China’s Belt and Road Initiative (BRI).
Ensuring Regional Stability
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The Maldives is vulnerable to radicalization, making counter-terrorism training critical.
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Strengthening Maldives’ security architecture benefits India by ensuring a stable and cooperative regional partner.
Enhancing India’s Role in the Indo-Pacific Strategy
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India’s proactive role in regional security contributes to its growing global influence.
The Indian Ocean Region is a vital trade route, making security exercises crucial for economic stability.a
Relevance of Exercise Ekuverin for UPSC Aspirants
Prelims Perspective
UPSC prelims often include questions related to military exercises, international relations, and security issues. Key facts to remember:
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Exercise Ekuverin is conducted between India and the Maldives.
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It focuses on counter-terrorism and counter-insurgency training.
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It enhances regional security and cooperation.
Mains Perspective
Relevant for topics under GS Paper II (International Relations) and GS Paper III (Internal Security). Possible questions:
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Discuss the significance of Exercise Ekuverin in India’s defense diplomacy with the Maldives.
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How do bilateral military exercises contribute to regional security?
Essay and Interview Preparation
Aspirants should be able to analyze India’s defense strategy and articulate the importance of such exercises in maintaining peace and stability.
Conclusion
Exercise Ekuverin is a crucial element of India-Maldives defense cooperation, strengthening security in the Indian Ocean Region. For UPSC aspirants, understanding its strategic, diplomatic, and security implications is essential. Given the evolving nature of defense diplomacy, keeping track of such exercises is critical for a well-rounded UPSC preparation strategy.
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