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D’Ering Memorial Wildlife Sanctuary, located in the East Siang district of Arunachal Pradesh, stands as a testament to India’s rich biodiversity and commitment to wildlife conservation. Named after Daying Ering, a prominent political figure and advocate for tribal rights, this sanctuary is a vital ecological hub. For UPSC aspirants, understanding the sanctuary’s geography, biodiversity, and conservation efforts is critical for topics related to Environment and Ecology, Geography, and Sustainable Development.
The sanctuary is situated about 13 km from Pasighat, near the confluence of the Siang and Sibya rivers. Spanning an area of approximately 190 square kilometers, it is characterized by lush alluvial grasslands, swampy areas, and patches of semi-evergreen forests. The Siang River, a tributary of the mighty Brahmaputra, bisects the sanctuary, enriching its soil and supporting diverse ecosystems.
D’Ering experiences a humid subtropical climate with distinct seasons:
Summer (March to May): Warm and conducive to vegetation growth.
Monsoon (June to September): Heavy rainfall replenishes water sources and rejuvenates the sanctuary.
Winter (November to February): Cool temperatures attract migratory birds.
This climatic diversity enhances the sanctuary’s ecological richness, making it a hotspot for various flora and fauna.
The sanctuary’s vegetation is a mix of grasslands, aquatic plants, and patches of deciduous forests. It is dominated by tall grasses such as Saccharum and Typha, which provide cover and food for herbivorous animals. Bamboo groves and cane brakes also thrive in the area, adding to its ecological diversity. These plants play a crucial role in stabilizing the soil, especially during monsoons, and supporting a range of wildlife.
D’Ering Memorial Wildlife Sanctuary is renowned for its rich and diverse wildlife. It houses a variety of mammals, birds, reptiles, and aquatic species.
The sanctuary’s grasslands and forests are home to:
Hog Deer (Axis porcinus)
Sambar Deer (Rusa unicolor)
Wild Boars
Asian Elephants
Leopards
Fishing Cats
These species thrive in the sanctuary’s lush habitat, making it a critical area for mammalian conservation.
The sanctuary is a paradise for birdwatchers, with over 200 species recorded, including several migratory birds. Key species include:
Bengal Florican (Endangered)
Great Hornbill
Bar-Headed Goose
Ruddy Shelduck
Black-Necked Stork
The presence of migratory birds highlights the sanctuary’s role as an international avian refuge.
The Siang River and its tributaries sustain a variety of reptiles and fish. These include snakes, turtles, and endemic fish species that are integral to the region’s food web.
D’Ering Memorial Wildlife Sanctuary plays a pivotal role in India’s biodiversity conservation efforts. Located within the Indo-Burma Biodiversity Hotspot, it contributes to global ecological stability. Several initiatives are in place to ensure the sanctuary’s preservation:
Patrolling teams and awareness programs aim to curb poaching and illegal activities. The sanctuary’s management collaborates with local communities to foster conservation.
Eco-development programs promote sustainable livelihoods for the indigenous Adi tribe, reducing dependence on forest resources.
Regular monitoring and afforestation drives help maintain the sanctuary’s ecological balance. Efforts to control invasive plant species ensure the survival of native flora.
The Adi tribe, one of the indigenous groups in Arunachal Pradesh, lives near the sanctuary. They practice sustainable living, relying on traditional knowledge to coexist with nature. Understanding their culture is crucial for aspirants studying tribal rights and environmental ethics.
D’Ering Memorial Wildlife Sanctuary is emerging as a popular eco-tourism destination. Visitors can explore its pristine beauty through guided tours and river safaris. Sustainable tourism initiatives aim to generate revenue while promoting conservation awareness.
D’Ering Memorial Wildlife Sanctuary is a significant case study for various UPSC topics:
Biodiversity hotspots in India
Conservation of endangered species
Role of sanctuaries in combating climate change
Location and physiography of Arunachal Pradesh
River systems: Siang and Brahmaputra
Impact of monsoons on ecosystems
Eco-tourism and community participation
Indigenous practices in environmental conservation
Role of indigenous knowledge in sustainable development
Human-animal conflict and its resolution
D’Ering Memorial Wildlife Sanctuary is not just an ecological treasure but also a symbol of India’s commitment to preserving its natural heritage. For UPSC aspirants, it provides a comprehensive understanding of biodiversity, conservation strategies, and sustainable development. Studying such sanctuaries underscores the importance of balancing environmental needs with human progress, a key theme in governance and policymaking.
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