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The Viksit Bharat–Guarantee for Rozgar And Ajeevika Mission (Gramin) Act, 2025 (VB-G-RAM-G) has officially repealed and replaced the 20-year-old MGNREGA (2005). While the government labels it an “evolution” aimed at Viksit Bharat 2047, it marks a fundamental shift from a demand-driven welfare right to a supply-driven infrastructure framework.
Under the mentorship of Dr. Ramanna Gowda, we have broken down the core differences that every aspirant must know for the upcoming KPSC and UPSC mains.
| Feature | MGNREGA (2005) | VB-G-RAM-G Act (2025) |
| Work Guarantee | 100 Days | 125 Days |
| Funding (Wages) | 100% by Centre | 60:40 Split (Centre:State) |
| Seasonal Pause | Continuous availability | 60-Day mandatory pause (Sowing/Harvest) |
| Planning Model | Gram Sabha (Bottom-up) | Viksit Gram Panchayat Plans (Integrated) |
| Technology | Basic MIS/Geo-tagging | AI, Biometric & GPS-linked monitoring |
The Act aligns all rural works into four priority domains to ensure “productive asset creation”:
Water Security: Rejuvenation of ponds, canals, and groundwater recharge.
Core Rural Infrastructure: Internal roads, cattle sheds, and school compounds.
Livelihood Infrastructure: Storage units, markets, and processing centers.
Climate Resilience: Special works to mitigate extreme weather events.
On February 3, 2026, Chief Minister Siddaramaiah tabled a resolution in the Karnataka Assembly opposing the Act. Key arguments include:
Fiscal Federalism (Art. 280): Shifting 40% of wage costs to the state at a time when Karnataka’s tax devolution share has decreased (from 4.71% to 3.64%) is seen as a financial burden.
Gram Swaraj (73rd Amendment): The state argues that centralized planning from “ivory towers in Delhi” snatches the powers of Gram Sabhas to decide local works.
Modern Slavery Concerns: Critics argue that the “normative allocation” means work is only provided where the Centre decides, not where the worker demands it.
The Pro-Argument: The Act improves “Saturation & Convergence,” reduces “wage theft” via AI, and ensures labor availability for agriculture during peak seasons.
The Con-Argument: It dilutes the “Right to Work” by introducing seasonal pauses and fiscal hurdles for poorer states, potentially leading to lower actual workdays.
Stay updated with the latest in Indian Governance and Economy. Our classroom programs and test series are meticulously updated to include these recent legislative changes.
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