ILO Report – Analysing Labour on a Warming Planet
Cyclones in India: Overview and Significance
Climate change is not just an environmental issue but a socio-economic challenge affecting livelihoods, employment, and workplace conditions. Rising global temperatures, frequent natural disasters, and shifting ecosystems have brought labor markets under unprecedented pressure. The ILO’s report highlights the need for climate-responsive labor policies to ensure sustainable employment and equitable growth.
For UPSC aspirants, this topic is vital as it links multiple subjects, including environment, governance, and international organizations, while addressing the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).
Key Themes of the ILO Report
1. The Impact of Climate Change on Labour
Heat Stress and Productivity: Rising temperatures lead to heat stress, reducing worker productivity, particularly in sectors like agriculture, construction, and mining. According to the ILO, heat stress may cause a 2.2% decline in total working hours globally by 2030.
Job Losses in Vulnerable Sectors: Climate-sensitive industries such as agriculture, fisheries, and tourism are witnessing declining job opportunities due to unpredictable weather patterns and environmental degradation.
Displacement and Migration: Climate-induced events like floods and droughts have led to large-scale displacement, creating a new category of “climate migrants.” These individuals often face challenges in accessing decent work.
2. Green Jobs: The Opportunity Amidst the Crisis
Definition of Green Jobs: Jobs that contribute to preserving or restoring the environment, either in traditional sectors like manufacturing or emerging green sectors like renewable energy and waste management.
Transition to a Green Economy: The ILO estimates that adopting sustainable practices could create 24 million new jobs by 2030, provided workers are equipped with the necessary skills and knowledge.
Case Studies: Countries like Germany, Denmark, and India have made significant strides in transitioning workers to green industries, showcasing the potential for global adoption.
3. Gender and Social Equity in Labour Markets
Disproportionate Impact on Women: Women, particularly in developing countries, are more vulnerable to climate-induced labor disruptions due to their concentration in informal and climate-sensitive sectors.
Inclusivity in Green Transition: Ensuring gender equity and social justice in the transition to a green economy is vital for sustainable development.
4. Policy Recommendations for a Sustainable Future
The ILO emphasizes the need for policies that address:
Climate adaptation and resilience in labor markets.
Skilling and reskilling workers for green jobs.
Social protection for climate-affected workers.
Just Transition frameworks to ensure equity in the move to a green economy.
India and the Labour-Climate Nexus
1. Vulnerability of Indian Labour Markets
India, with its diverse geography and significant population engaged in agriculture and informal sectors, is particularly vulnerable to climate impacts. Rising temperatures and erratic monsoons affect agricultural productivity, while urban heat islands impact construction and industrial labor.
2. India’s Green Job Potential
India’s renewable energy sector, waste management initiatives, and afforestation drives present opportunities for green employment. The country’s ambitious targets under the Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) provide a roadmap for creating sustainable jobs.
3. Challenges in India’s Green Transition
Lack of awareness and training for green jobs.
Resistance from traditional industries.
Need for robust social security systems to protect workers during the transition.
Global Initiatives and the Role of the ILO
1. International Climate Agreements and Labour
Paris Agreement (2015): Recognizes the importance of “just transition” for workers in addressing climate change.
Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs): Goals like SDG 8 (Decent Work and Economic Growth) and SDG 13 (Climate Action) underline the importance of labor in a warming planet.
2. ILO’s Initiatives
The ILO has been proactive in integrating labor considerations into climate policies:
Just Transition Guidelines: Framework for ensuring fairness and equity in the shift to sustainable economies.
Partnerships with Governments: Collaborating with nations to create inclusive policies that balance economic growth, environmental sustainability, and social equity.
Challenges in Implementing ILO Recommendations
1. Balancing Growth and Sustainability
Developing countries face the dual challenge of achieving economic growth while transitioning to greener economies. The reliance on traditional industries often delays the adoption of sustainable practices.
2. Financing Green Transitions
Shifting to a green economy requires significant investments in infrastructure, technology, and skill development, posing a challenge for resource-constrained nations.
3. Political Will and Policy Implementation
The effectiveness of climate-labor policies depends on strong political will, coordinated governance, and stakeholder involvement, which are often lacking in many countries.
Way Forward: Creating Resilient Labour Markets
1. Promoting Green Jobs
Governments must prioritize sectors like renewable energy, organic farming, and eco-tourism, offering incentives for private sector participation.
2. Strengthening Social Protection
Expanding safety nets for vulnerable workers, including climate migrants and those in informal sectors, is essential to build resilience.
3. Fostering International Cooperation
Global partnerships, such as those facilitated by the ILO, can provide technical expertise, funding, and best practices for integrating labor and climate policies.
4. Building Awareness and Skills
Education and skill development programs must focus on equipping workers for green jobs, ensuring an inclusive transition to sustainable economies.
Conclusion
The ILO’s report on “Labour on a Warming Planet” underscores the urgent need for climate-responsive labor policies. It highlights the dual challenges of addressing the adverse impacts of climate change on workers while harnessing the opportunities of a green economy.
For UPSC aspirants, this report offers valuable insights into the interconnectedness of environment, economy, and social justice, aligning with GS papers on governance, environment, and international relations. Understanding these nuances will not only aid in answering exam questions but also provide a broader perspective on sustainable development challenges and solutions.
Maximize the benefits of mock tests for IAS and KAS preparation with guidance from Amoghavarsha IAS Academy . For more details, visit https://amoghavarshaiaskas.in/.
Youtube: click here
Enroll Now !
Media & News
Similar Articles for UPSC Aspirants
In the ever-evolving digital age, internet governance has become a crucial area....
In the study of biodiversity and marine biology, two fascinating species of....
The Indian Sustainable Natural Rubber (iSNR) Platform is a framework designed to....
The Chincholi Wildlife Sanctuary is a lesser-known yet significant wildlife sanctuary located....
